The flower pillar

Sixteen flowers, a page each

What each one means in the tradition people actually follow, the months it is in season in Ireland rather than the months a shop can get it, and the care that changes the outcome instead of the care that fills a leaflet.

Every page here answers the same three questions in the same order, so you can stop reading as soon as you have what you came for. What does it mean, including the places where the meaning changes with the colour or the country. When is it in season in Ireland, which for 3 of these 16 is never, because they neither grow nor are grown here. And what to do with it once it is in a vase, at the level of water depth and stem angle rather than "keep it fresh".

The season strip on each card is the same strip that runs across the top of the page it links to. Green months are the months that flower is genuinely in season on this island. Grey months mean it is either imported that week or not available at all, and around 95 percent of the cut flowers sold in Ireland are imported, so there is a lot of grey.

Vase life is the other number worth carrying around, and the spread is wider than the price is: Orchid at about 18 days, Sweet pea at about 4. Where a flower is a bad buy, the page says so. Where the cheaper version is the better buy, it says that too.

6 of the sixteen are grown commercially in Ireland. That number is small because Irish flower farming is small, though it is growing, and the pages marked as Irish grown are the ones where buying local is realistic rather than aspirational. There is more on the calendar inIrish flowers in season, and more on the numbers in vase life by flower.

First out of the ground

January to May. The months when the cheapest flowers in the shop are also the freshest, because they were grown within a few hours of it.

  • Galanthus nivalis

    Snowdrop

    Hope and consolation, the first flower of the year, though older British folklore treated a single snowdrop indoors as unlucky

    1. January: in season
    2. February: in season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    January to February

    About 5 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care
  • Narcissus

    Daffodil

    New beginnings and the return of spring, and in Ireland a strong association with cancer fundraising

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: in season
    3. March: in season
    4. April: in season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    February to April

    About 6 days in a vase

    Grown in Ireland

    Meaning, season and care
  • Tulipa

    Tulip

    Declared love in the older tradition, and in current use simply the arrival of spring

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: in season
    3. March: in season
    4. April: in season
    5. May: in season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    February to May

    About 6 days in a vase

    Grown in Ireland

    Meaning, season and care
  • Freesia refracta

    Freesia

    Friendship and trust in modern florist usage, a fairly recent convention rather than an old tradition

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: in season
    4. April: in season
    5. May: in season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    March to May

    About 8 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care

The summer flowers

May to September. Short seasons, strong scent, and the part of the year when buying Irish is easy at a market and still rare in a supermarket.

  • Paeonia lactiflora

    Peony

    A happy marriage, prosperity and good fortune, an association that comes from Chinese tradition rather than a European one

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: in season
    6. June: in season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    May to June

    About 6 days in a vase

    Grown in Ireland

    Meaning, season and care
  • Alstroemeria aurea

    Alstroemeria

    Friendship and mutual support in modern florist usage, with devotion and prosperity in the same lists

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: in season
    7. July: in season
    8. August: in season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    June to August

    About 14 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care
  • Gypsophila paniculata

    Gypsophila

    Everlasting love and purity, which is why it turns up in wedding work more than anywhere else

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: in season
    7. July: in season
    8. August: in season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    June to August

    About 12 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care
  • Lilium

    Lily

    Sympathy and remembrance, and in older Christian usage the restored innocence of the person who has died

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: in season
    7. July: in season
    8. August: in season
    9. September: in season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    June to September

    About 12 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care
  • Rosa

    Rose

    Love, with the colour carrying the specific message: red for romance, yellow for friendship, pink for gratitude

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: in season
    7. July: in season
    8. August: in season
    9. September: in season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    June to September

    About 7 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care
  • Lathyrus odoratus

    Sweet pea

    Thank you for a lovely time, and departure, from the Victorian language of flowers where the meaning is unusually specific

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: in season
    7. July: in season
    8. August: in season
    9. September: in season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    June to September

    About 4 days in a vase

    Grown in Ireland

    Meaning, season and care

Late summer and autumn

July to November. Heavier flowers that hold for a fortnight, and the two that dry well enough to keep after the water is gone.

  • Hydrangea macrophylla

    Hydrangea

    Gratitude and heartfelt thanks in current use, though Victorian lists gave the same flower coldness and vanity

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: in season
    8. August: in season
    9. September: in season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    July to September

    About 8 days in a vase

    Grown in Ireland

    Meaning, season and care
  • Helianthus annuus

    Sunflower

    Loyalty and steady regard, from the flower's habit of following the sun, with a strong modern association with Ukraine

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: in season
    9. September: in season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    August to September

    About 8 days in a vase

    Grown in Ireland

    Meaning, season and care
  • Chrysanthemum morifolium

    Chrysanthemum

    Long life and loyalty in the older tradition, and in much of continental Europe a flower kept for graves

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: in season
    10. October: in season
    11. November: in season
    12. December: out of season

    September to November

    About 16 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care

No Irish season at all

On the shelf every week of the year at much the same price, because every stem was grown under glass or flown in. Nothing wrong with them; just nothing seasonal about them.

  • Dianthus caryophyllus

    Carnation

    Affection, with pink standing for a mother's love and red for admiration in the tradition most often quoted

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    Not grown in season in Ireland

    About 16 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care
  • Gerbera jamesonii

    Gerbera

    Cheerfulness and simple good wishes, a modern florist reading rather than an old tradition

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    Not grown in season in Ireland

    About 8 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care
  • Phalaenopsis, Cymbidium and Dendrobium

    Orchid

    Refinement and rare beauty in western usage, and fertility and many children in the older Chinese tradition

    1. January: out of season
    2. February: out of season
    3. March: out of season
    4. April: out of season
    5. May: out of season
    6. June: out of season
    7. July: out of season
    8. August: out of season
    9. September: out of season
    10. October: out of season
    11. November: out of season
    12. December: out of season

    Not grown in season in Ireland

    About 18 days in a vase

    Meaning, season and care

What is not on these pages

No shop links and no bouquets to buy. These sixteen pages carry no merchant recommendations at all, because the answer to "what does a yellow rose mean" should not depend on who is paying for the answer. The comparison work lives on its own pages, clearly marked, and it stays there.

There is also no folklore invented to fill space. Where a meaning comes from the Victorian language of flowers rather than from anything people still practise, the page says which, and where a florist's story turns out to be a sales line, it says that as well.